BiOWiSH Technologies engaged Iowa State University to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto fall-applied monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), as part of a cover crop and corn rotation. The study took place in the U.S. midwestern state of Iowa. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Fertility Program • Control + Cover Crop • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto MAP + Cover Crop. The Control + BiOWiSH^® ® Crop Liquid treatment was observed to have a cover crop biomass increase of 9.7% over the Control, followed by a marketable grain yield 7.9% (14 bu/acre, 0.9 MT/ha) higher in the following growing season. Overall, the BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid treatment helped to mitigate the yield loss often experienced with a first-year cover crop program when applied in the fall as an EEF.

BiOWiSH Technologies engaged Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences as a third-party contract research organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) for rice production as part of standard and reduced fertility programs, compared to the Control. The trial compared four treatments: • Control, Standard Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • 10% N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • 20% N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc. engaged Precision Study Management as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), for winter wheat production in the panhandle region of Texas, USA. This trial compared two treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. The study determined that the addition of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid optimized yield potential by improved nutrient uptake in winter wheat. In this trial, a 5.8 bu/acre (0.39 MT/ha) increase was observed for the Control + BiOWiSH^® Fertility program, which led to higher profit.

BiOWiSH Technologies partnered with the Fundação MT as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a research trial. The study tested the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea as an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) on maize production in Mato Grosso, Brazil. The study compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies partnered with the Fundação MT as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a research trial. The study tested the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea as an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) on maize production in Primavera do Leste, Brazil. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc. engaged Precision Study Management as a third party contract research organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea as an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), on winter wheat production in the panhandle region of Texas, USA. The trial compared two treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies engaged Precision Study Management as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea as an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF), on corn production in Northern Texas, USA. The trial compared three treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc. engaged North Dakota State University as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated fertilizer on potato production in eastern North Dakota (USA). The trial compared two treatments: Control (Grower Standard Practice) and Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. In this study, the Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid treatment was observed to have a marketable yield of 7 cwt/acre (0.88 MT/ha) higher than the Control treatment.

A third-party Contract Research Organization and BiOWiSH determined the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid on walnut production in a 3-year study. This study reviews results from Year 3.

BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc. engaged Precision Study Management as a third party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated urea on grain sorghum production in Markham, Texas, USA. The trial compared two treatments: Urea (Control) and the Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid. In this study, the BiOWiSH^® treatment resulted in an increase in yield of 4.8 bu/acre (0.30 MT/ha) when compared to the standard fertility program.

BiOWiSH Technologies engaged China Agricultural University and Hunan Agricultural University to evaluate the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) for late rice production in China. The trial compared four treatments: • Control, Standard Urea Fertility Program • Control + Urease Inhibitor • Control + Nitrification Inhibitor • Control + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.

BiOWiSH Technologies, Inc. partnered with a leading global fertilizer manufacturer and engaged Agreco Australia as a third-party Contract Research Organization (CRO) to conduct a study to determine the effects of BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid coated onto urea to create an Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer (EEF) for sweet corn production in Queensland, Australia. The trial compared three treatments: • 100% Urea (Control) • 100% Urea (Control) + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid • N Optimized Fertility Program + BiOWiSH^® Crop Liquid.